Njengomvelisi weemveliso zomntwana, siyaqonda ukuba ukugqiba ixesha lokukhupha abantwana kwi-diapers yinkxalabo eqhelekileyo kumzali ngamnye, ngakumbi kwimimandla yenkcubeko eyahlukeneyo njengeYurophu.
Njengomzali, ngaba wakha wazibuza ukuba yeyiphi iminyaka abantwana baseYurophu abadla ngokuphuma kwiidiapers? Lo mbuzo ubonakala ulula ubandakanya izinto ezininzi eziquka ukukhula komntwana, izenzo zenkcubeko, neentanda-bulumko zobuzali.
Kwihlabathi lanamhlanje lehlabathi, ukuqonda iindlela zokukhulisa abantwana kwiingingqi ezahlukeneyo akupheleli nje ekubeni banzi iimbono zethu kodwa kusinceda ukuba sikhethe ngcono indlela yokukhulisa abantwana bethu. Eli nqaku liza kukuthatha nzulu kwixesha le Ukusetyenziswa kwe-diaper yaseYurophu kunye nemiba yenkcubeko emva kwayo.
Iimbono zobuzali zaseYurophu: INyaniso malunga neMinyaka yokusetyenziswa kwediaper yaseYurophu
Kumazwe aseYurophu, ixesha lokusetyenziswa kwe-diaper lide kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa nemimandla ethile. Ngokoqwalaselo olwenziwa ziingcali zabazali kunye nezifundo ezininzi, abantwana baseYurophu bahlala besebenzisa iidiapers de babe malunga ne-3 yeminyaka yobudala, kwaye abanye baqhubeka ixesha elide. Olu qheliselo luvela kwintlonipho yabazali baseYurophu ngokuzimela kwabantwana kuqeqesho lwendlu yangasese-bakholelwa ukuba abantwana baya kutshintsha ngokwemvelo xa bekulungele ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo.
Ngokungafaniyo noqheliselo lweminye imimandla yokuleqa ukugqiba uqeqesho lwembiza ngaphambi kweminyaka emi-2, abazali baseYurophu bathanda indlela 'yokukhupha izandla', evumela abantwana ukuba bakhule ngesantya sabo. Le filosofi yobuzali ibambe ukuba uqeqesho lwangaphambi kwexesha lokutya lunokuba nefuthe elibi kuphuhliso lomntwana ngokwasemzimbeni nangokwengqondo.
Imarike yaseYurophu ibonelela ngenkxaso ebanzi yemveliso kule ndlela, ebonisa uluhlu olupheleleyo lweediapers zaseYurophu ukusuka kwiintsana ukuya kubantwana abancinci abaneminyaka emithathu okanye emine. Oku kuquka iidiaper ezilahlwayo ezisemgangathweni kunye neediapers ezikhethekileyo zokuqubha.
Indlela yokuxelela ukuba umntwana wakho ulungele ukuthi uhambe kakuhle kwii-diapers zaseYurophu?
Wonke umntwana ulandela ixesha lakhe lophuhliso, kodwa iimpawu ezithile eziphambili zihlala zibonisa ukuba banokulungela ukuqalisa uqeqesho lwamanzi:
Umntwana unokuhlala emile kwi-diaper yakhe ixesha elide, ukuya kuthi ga kwiiyure ezingama-3-6 ngexesha, ebonisa ukuphucula umsebenzi we-bladder kunye nokulawula;
Umntwana unokutsala ngokulula ibhulukhwe phezulu nangaphantsi ngokuzimela;
Umntwana uqalisa ukuyibona imvakalelo yokufuna ukusebenzisa igumbi lokuhlambela yaye unokukubonisa oku ngenkangeleko yobuso, amazwi, okanye izenzo;
Umntwana ubonakalisa umdla kwizindlu zangasese zabantu abadala yaye unokuxelisa abazali esebenzisa igumbi lokuhlambela;
Umntwana unokuqonda kwaye alandele imiyalelo elula, enjengokuthi 'Hamba uye kulanda ibhere yakho';
Xa le miqondiso ibonakala, abazali banokuqala ngokuthe ngcembe ukukhokela umntwana wabo ekutshintsheni kude ne-diapers yaseYurophu. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuhlala unomonde kwaye ungalindeli impumelelo ngobusuku.
Iiyantlukwano zeNkcubeko kunye neeMpawu zeNgingqi kuQeqesho lwezindlu zangasese zaseYurophu
Iindlela zobuzali nazo ziyahluka ngokufihlakeleyo kumazwe aseYurophu. Izizwe zaseNordic zigxininisa ukuzimela kwabantwana, zivame ukubavumela ukuba bathathe isigqibo xa kufuneka batshintshe ngokupheleleyo iidiaper; amazwe akumazantsi Yurophu anokubonelela ngesikhokelo esisebenzayo emva kweminyaka ethile.
Lo mahluko ngokwenkcubeko ubonakaliswa kumaziko oluntu kulo lonke elaseYurophu-apho nezona zindlu zangasese zisisiseko phantse jikelele ziquka izindlu zangasese ezifikelelekayo kunye nezitishi zokutshintsha abantwana. Iziseko ezinjalo ezibanzi ziququzelela ukusetyenziswa kwe-diaper okuqhubekayo kubazali, ukunciphisa uxinzelelo loqeqesho lwangaphambili lwe-pot.
Izikhokelo ezigunyazisiweyo kuqeqesho lweembiza, ezifana nezo zibonelelwe ngu INkonzo yezeMpilo yeSizwe yase-UK (NHS), igxininisa ukulandela isantya somntwana kunye nokuphepha ukunyanzeliswa. Ezi zikhokelo zihambelana nentanda-bulumko yaseYurophu yobuzali yokuhlonipha isingqi sokukhula somntwana ngamnye.
Ukuqonda elona xesha lifanelekileyo loQeqesho lwePotty
Impumelelo yoqeqesho lweembiza ixhomekeke kukulungela komntwana ngokwasemzimbeni nangokwengqondo. Amaqumrhu agunyazisiweyo ngokubanzi ayavuma ukuba elona xesha lifanelekileyo lokuqalisa uqeqesho liphakathi kweenyanga ezili-18 nezingama-30 ubudala. Oku kungenxa yokuba:
Ulawulo lwesinyi somntwana lukhula ngokuthe ngcembe kwiinyanga ezili-18, nto leyo eyenza ukuba agcine idiaper yakhe yomile ubuncinane iiyure ezi-1-2.
Ngeminyaka emi-2, abanye abantwana banokulawula ukuchama kwasemini, ngelixa uninzi lufumana ubuchule obusisiseko malunga nobudala be-3.
Ukuchamela ebusuku kusenokuqhubeka ixesha elide—malunga nomntwana om-1 kwaba-5 usenokufumana iziqephu ngamathuba athile emva kweminyaka emi-5 ubudala, ngokuqhelekileyo oku kuyinto eqhelekileyo.
Ngoko ke, endaweni yokulungisa ubudala obuthile, qwalasela ngenyameko 'iimpawu zokulungela' zomntwana wakho ezinje:
Ukukwazi ukunxibelelana ngesidingo sokusebenzisa igumbi lokuhlambela ngomlomo okanye ngezenzo.
Ukuziva ungakhululekile kwi-diaper emanzi okanye ukubonisa umdla kwizindlu zangasese zabantu abadala.
Ukwazi ukuqonda nokulandela imiyalelo elula.
Yiphephe imigibe 'yendlela entsha yoqeqesho lwembiza'
Ngokuchaseneyo nomgaqo wokuhlonipha isantya somntwana, uqheliselo olwaziwa ngokuthi 'uqeqesho lwembiza entsha' lufuna isilumkiso. Oku kunokubonakala njengoku: ukunyanzela umntwana ukuba ahlale embizeni ngamaxesha amiselweyo ade 'awugqibe umsebenzi,' okanye amnyobe ngezinto zokudlala okanye amashwamshwam ukuze aphelise.
Ngokusisiseko, le ndlela yokufundisa ayahlukanga ekuqeqesheni iimbiza zemveli—zombini zibandakanya ungenelelo olwenziweyo oluphazamisa iingcinga zendalo zokuphelisa umntwana. Ukusetyenziswa kwexesha elide kunokunyusa umngcipheko wokuqhekeka kweempundu, ukugcinwa kwesitulo, kunye nokuqunjelwa, okanye kubangele uloyiko kunye nokuchasana nokuya kwindlu yangasese, ekugqibeleni kwandise inkqubo yoqeqesho.
Ifilosofi yaseYurophu yaBazali: Ubulumko bentlonipho kunye nomonde
Umonde wabazali baseYurophu abawubonisayo kuqeqesho lwembiza lusekelwe kwimigaqo enzulu yobuzali.
Ukuhlonipha isantya soMnye :
Izikhokelo zekharityhulam yelizwe laseItali zibeka phambili 'ukuhlonipha imithetho yendalo kunye nezingqisho zokukhula komntwana.' Le ntanda-bulumko inabela kuqeqesho lwembiza, apho abazali bathemba ukuba abantwana baya kutshintsha ngokwemvelo xa bekulungele ngokwasemzimbeni nangokweemvakalelo.
Ukugxininisa Ukuzimela :
Abazali baseNtshona bajonga abantwana njengabantu abazimeleyo, bebakhuthaza ukuba benze ukhetho olusekelwe kwintando yabo. Kuqeqesho lweembiza, oku kubonakala njengokuvumela abantwana ukuba baphonononge, bafunise, kwaye babe namava okusilela, kunokuba bamkele nje amalungiselelo.
Ujoliso kuPhuhliso oluDibeneyo :
Iindlela zokukhulisa abantwana zaseYurophu zibeka phambili uphuhliso lwabantwana ngokubanzi. Uqeqesho lweembiza lubonwa njengenyathelo elibalulekileyo lokuzimela, ukubaluleka kwalo kudlulela ngaphaya kokulawula isakhono esinye.
Indlela Yokukhokela Abantwana Ngokwemvelo
Ngelixa behlonipha umntwana, abazali banokuthatha indima yabakhokelo abasebenzayo:
Yenza Imekobume :
Beka imbiza entle kwindawo eqhelekileyo, efikeleleka lula, ebavumela ukuba baqale bayamkele njengeyona 'into yokudlala' enika umdla.
Imodeli kunye noNxibelelwano :
Sebenzisa iincwadi zemifanekiso ukuchaza, okanye uvumele abantwana bajonge amalungu osapho esebenzisa indlu yangasese, ubancede baqonde injongo yembiza.
Umonde kunye nenkuthazo :
Bancome ngokukhawuleza xa besebenzisa ngempumelelo imbiza. Ukuba iingozi ziyenzeka, hlala uzolile kwaye uphephe ukugxekwa.
Ngamafutshane, uqeqesho lweembiza alukho uhlanga phakathi kwabazali nabantwana. Njengoko kukhuthazwa yintanda-bulumko yobuzali yaseYurophu, ukuyeka unxunguphalo, ukuthembela kwixesha lokukhula komntwana wakho, kunye nokuhamba nabo ngomonde nenkuthazo kuya kuqinisekisa ukuba eli nqanaba lendalo lokukhula lizaliswe bubushushu nenkxaso.
Izicwangciso eziSebenzayo: ISicwangciso soTshintsho oluLuthelo lokulunyula iidiapers zaseYurophu
Xa umntwana wakho ebonisa iimpawu zokulungela, ezi zicwangciso zinokunceda ukuququzelela inguqu egudileyo:
Qala ngoQeqesho lweMini: Emva kweenyanga ezili-18, qalisa ukususa i-diapers emini kwaye uqeqeshe umntwana wakho ukuba asebenzise i-potty okanye indlu yangasese yokuchama, ngelixa uqhubeka usebenzisa i-diapers yaseYurophu ebusuku. Njengoko ulawulo lwesinyi luphucula, ngokuthe ngcembe khupha iidiapers zasebusuku.
Misela iiRoutes: Hlanganisa ukutyelelwa kwe-potty kwiindlela zemihla ngemihla-khokela umntwana wakho ukuba asebenzise i-potty emva kokuvuka, ngaphambi kokutya, nangaphambi kokulala.
Ukomelezwa Okulungileyo: Sebenzisa iitshathi zomvuzo, indumiso, kunye nenkuthazo ukuqinisa amava aphumeleleyo. Kuphephe isohlwayo okanye ukugxekwa ngenxa yeengozi.
Isixhobo Esifanelekileyo: Lungiselela iimbiza ezilingana nomntwana okanye iiadaptha zesihlalo sendlu yangasese, kunye nempahla ekulula ukuyisusa, ukudala iimeko zomzimba ezivumela ukusetyenziswa kweembiza ngempumelelo.
Yiba nomonde kunye nokuphazamiseka: Ukunciphisa ngexesha lokuqeqeshwa kweembiza kuqhelekileyo, ngakumbi ngexesha lokutshintsha ubomi (njengokuhamba, abazalwana abatsha) okanye amaxesha anzima.
Ngokuphathelele ukupheliswa kwasebusuku, abazali baseYurophu bahlala bephepha ukuyingxamela inkqubo. Enyanisweni, ukuchamela ebhedini kuxhaphake kakhulu kubantwana abaneminyaka emi-5-7 ubudala. Uninzi lweengcali zincoma ukuqhubeka nokusebenzisa i-diapers yaseYurophu ebusuku de umntwana avuke ngokuqhubekayo kunye ne-diaper eyomileyo kwiintsasa ezininzi ezilandelelanayo.
Hlonipha iiyantlukwano kwaye ulinde ngomonde: Wonke umntwana unesantya sakhe.
Ukuqeqeshwa kwindlu yangasese linqanaba nje elinye lokukhula komntwana—kungekhona ugqatso. Iindlela zaseYurophu zokukhulisa abantwana zisikhumbuza ukuba ukuhlonipha isingqi sokukhula somntwana ngamnye kudla ngokukhokelela kwiziphumo ezigudileyo, ezintle zexesha elide.
Njengoko kusenziwa ngabazali baseYurophu, ukugxininisa kwiimfuno ezizodwa zophuhliso lomntwana wakho kunye neendlela zokuziphatha-kunokuba ulungise imilinganiselo yeminyaka yobudala esekelwe kwikhalenda-kubanceda bafezekise le nkqubela ibalulekileyo ngeyona ndlela ikhululekile.
Ukuba ungathanda ukufunda ngakumbi malunga nokukhetha i-diapers yaseYurophu efanelekileyo ubudala okanye ufuna isikhokelo soqeqesho lwe-potty, tyelela iwebhusayithi esemthethweni yezibonelelo ezongezelelweyo zobungcali. Sizibophelele ekuboneleleni ngokusekwe kuphando, inkxaso ebonakalayo yobuzali kubazali kwihlabathi liphela.
