I-Baby Pee Umhlahlandlela Ophelele Wemibuzo Ejwayelekile

Njengomkhiqizi ochwepheshile wamanabukeni wengane, sikuqonda ngokujulile ukunaka kwabazali kuyo yonke imininingwane yokukhula kwengane yabo, futhi ukuchama kwengane kungenye yezinkomba eziyinhloko ezibonisa impilo yengane. Ukuchama kwengane kuyisimo esibalulekile sokuphila ngesikhathi sokukhula kombungu futhi kuseyinselele eqhubekayo yokunakekela imindeni esanda kuzalwa. Lesi sihloko sihlanganisa ucwaningo lwesayensi nolwazi lomtholampilo ukuze kulungiswe ngokuhlelekile imibuzo ewumgogodla mayelana nokuchama kwengane. Siphinde sabelane ngezincomo zokukhetha amanabukeni ezingane afanele izimo ezihlukene, sinikeze abazali umhlahlandlela ophelele wokunakekela. Sithemba ukuthi lolu lwazi luwusizo.

Ingabe Izingane Zichama Esibelethweni?Ukujikeleza Komchamo Ngesikhathi Sokukhula Kwengane

Abazali abaningi bayazibuza ukuthi izingane ziyachama yini zisesibelethweni. Impendulo inguyebo—ukuchama kwengane esibelethweni kuyisici esibalulekile sokujikeleza koketshezi lwe-amniotic kanye nenkomba eyinhloko yokuthuthukiswa kohlelo lomchamo. Le nqubo ayijwayelekile nje kuphela kodwa ithinta ngqo ukukhula okunempilo kombungu. Njengomkhiqizi wamanabukeni wengane onguchwepheshe ekunakekelweni kwezinsana, sithuthukisa ingqondo yethu yedizayini yenabukeni ngocwaningo lokuthuthukiswa kokuphila komntwana.

Ngokombono wesikhathi sokukhula, izinso ze-fetus ziqala ukwakheka ekuqaleni kokukhulelwa. Cishe emavikini ayi-10-12 okukhulelwa, izinso zingakhiqiza amanani amancane omchamo wengane. Kodwa-ke, kulesi sigaba, umchamo uphinde uthathwe umzimba wengane futhi ungangeni ku-amniotic fluid. Njengoba ukukhulelwa kukhula ku-trimester yesibili (cishe amasonto angu-20), uhlelo lomchamo wengane luyakhula kancane kancane. Umchamo okhiqizwa izinso ube usuthuthwa nge-ureters ungene emgodini we-amniotic, ube omunye wemithombo eyinhloko ye-amniotic fluid. Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi ngokukhulelwa sekwephuzile, umbungu ukhiqiza cishe amamililitha angama-500-700 omchamo nsuku zonke. Lo mchamo ugcwalisa uketshezi lwe-amniotic ngokuqhubekayo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-fetus igwinya uketshezi lwe-amniotic, imunca amanzi alo kanye nemisoco, idale umjikelezo woketshezi lwe-amniotic ovaliwe 'wokugwinya-ukuchama kabusha.'

Umchamo we-fetus uhlukile ekubunjweni kwawo kusukela ngemuva kokuzalwa. Ingxenye yawo eyinhloko amanzi, aqukethe udoti omncane we-metabolic, ongenawo iphunga elibonakalayo, futhi awulimazi umbungu. Ngalo mjikelezo, uketshezi lwe-amniotic lunikeza ukuvikeleka okugoqayo ku-fetus ngenkathi ithuthukisa ukuthuthukiswa kwamaphaphu ayo kanye nesistimu yokugaya ukudla. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ukungahambi kahle kumthamo we-amniotic fluid noma ukwakheka kungase kubonise izinkinga zokukhula ohlelweni lomchamo wengane noma ezinye izitho. Ngakho-ke, ukuqapha inkomba ye-amniotic fluid ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa okuvamile kokubeletha kubalulekile.

Kubakhiqizi bamanabukeni ezingane, ukuqonda izici zokukhula komchamo wengane kusisiza ukuba siklame kangcono amanabukeni ezingane ezisanda kuzalwa. Ngemva kokuzalwa, izinso zezingane ezisanda kuzalwa azikavuthwa ngokugcwele. Bachama njalo, ngamanani amancane, futhi ngokungajwayelekile. Amanabukeni ethu ezingane ezisanda kuzalwa ane-high-absorbency resin (SAP) kanye nongqimba lwangaphandle oluthambile, oluphefumulayo ukuze lumunce ngokushesha ukuchama njalo, lunciphise ukucasuka esikhumbeni esithambile. Ukwengeza, usayizi osanda kuzalwa uhlanganisa umklamo wokusika inkaba ohambisana nejika lomzimba wosana olusanda kuzalwa.

Indlela Yokwenza I-Baby Pee? Izindlela Zesayensi Nezimo Zokunxenxa Ukuchama Kwengane

Ngesikhathi sokukhula komntwana, abazali bavame ukuhlangana nezimo ezidinga ukufakwa komchamo, njengokuqoqa amasampula okuhlolwa kwezokwelapha noma ukuqeda umhlahlandlela phakathi nokuqeqeshwa kwebhodwe kusenesikhathi. Ukucindezela okuphoqelekile noma ukushintsha kwenabukeni njalo kungase kulimaze isinye nomgogodla wengane. Sisebenzisa okuhlangenwe nakho kobuhlengikazi basemtholampilo, sihlanganise izindlela zokungeniswa eziphephile nezisebenzayo ngenkathi sikhumbuza abazali ukuthi basebenzise amanabukeni ezingane afanelekile ukuze basekele ukuqeqeshwa.

Okokuqala, ukwethulwa kokuchama okujwayelekile kufanele kulandele isigqi semvelo somzimba wengane, kusetshenziswe izikhathi ezisheshayo zokuchama ngemva kokuncela noma ukuvuka ebuthongweni. Ezinsaneni ezingaphansi kwezinyanga eziyisi-6, isinye sigcwala kancane kancane imizuzu eyi-15-30 ngemva kokuncelisa ibele noma ukunceliswa ubisi lwebhodlela. Ngalesi sikhathi, phakamisa kahle umntwana, uvumele imilenze yabo ukuba ilenge ngokwemvelo. Sebenzisa okokusula kwengane okufudumele, okuswakeme ukuze usule kahle indawo engaphansi noma uhlikihle isingezansi sesisu. Lokhu kunikeza isikhuthazo esithambile sokufinyela esinyeni, kubangele ukuchama. Le ndlela igwema ukucindezelwa okunamandla, iqondanise nokukhalipha komzimba wosana, futhi ukusetshenziswa kwezinto zokugeza izingane ezithambile kuvimbela ukulimala kokungqubuzana kwesikhumba.

Ukuze uthole ngokushesha isampula yomchamo onganeni (isb., ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha), the indlela yokuvuselela esinyeni . kungasetshenziswa Le nqubo eqinisekisiwe ngokomtholampilo iphephile futhi iyasebenza ezinganeni ezinesisindo esingaphezu kwamagremu angu-1200 ezingadingi ukwesekwa kokuphefumula. Inqubo imi kanje: Okokuqala, ncelisa usana inani elifanele lobisi lwebele noma ifomula. Ngemuva kwemizuzu engama-25, hlanza isitho sangasese ngezinto zokugeza zezingane. Umuntu oyedwa ubambe ingane ngaphansi kwamakhwapha imilenze ilenga. Omunye uthepha ngobumnene indawo ye-suprapubic (isisu esingezansi eduze kwethambo le-pubic) ngeminwe cishe ngokuthinta okungu-100 ngomzuzu imizuzwana engama-30. Bese, sebenzisa izithupha zombili ukuze usihlikihle kahle indawo eseceleni kwe-lumbar spine emhlane ongezansi imizuzwana engu-30. Phinda lo mjikelezo kuze kube yimizuzu emi-5, okuvamise ukubangela ukuchama. Qaphela: Sebenzisa ingcindezi emnene kuyo yonke indawo ukuze ugweme ukuyivuselela kakhulu ingane.

Ukuze uthole ukuqeqeshwa kwendlu yangasese (iminyaka engu-1+), ukukhishwa kokuchama kwengane kudinga isiqondiso sokuziphatha kanye nokuzivumelanisa nemvelo. Kulesi sigaba, i-reflexes ene-conditioned iyakhula. Abazali kufanele baqaphele izimpawu ezingokomzimba (njengokuqothuka, ukuhwaqabala, noma ukuphikisa) futhi baqondise ingane ngokushesha ukuba isebenzise ibhodwe losana. Sincoma ukumatanisa lokhu namabhulukwe ethu okudonsa izingane—enzelwe ukuvuleka/ukuvala kalula—okuvumela izingane ukuba zizame ngokuzimela ukusebenzisa ibhodwe futhi zinciphise ukuncika kwenabukeni. Abazali bangakwazi ukusungula imikhuba evamile yokuchama ngokusebenzisa izikhumbuzi ezihleliwe. I I-American Academy of Pediatrics incoma ukuthi kuqaliswe ukuqeqeshwa kwembiza phakathi kwezinyanga eziyi-18-24 lapho ingane ibonisa isithakazelo, isebenzisa isiqondiso sesiguli kunokuphoqelela, ngamazinga empumelelo angaphezu kwama-80%.

Abazali kufanele baqaphele ukuthi izindlela zokuchama zomntwana ngamunye ziyahlukahluka. Ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa, ama-diaper amanzi angu-4-10 nsuku zonke ajwayelekile-asikho isidingo sokuphoqelela ukubala okuthile. Uma ingane yakho imelana ngesikhathi sokuchama, yima ngokushesha ukuze ugweme ukudala ukuzondwa ngokwengqondo. Ukwengeza, ukushintsha ama-diaper ngokushesha noma ukudonsa ukuze ugcine phansi womile kusiza ukuvimbela ukungakhululeki okungase kuholele ekunqabeni ukuchama.

Kungani Ichama Lengane Yami Inuka?Izimbangela Nezixazululo

Iphunga lokuchama kwengane lisebenza 'njenge-barometer' ebonisa impilo yengane yakho. Umchamo osanda kudlula ngokuvamile awunawo iphunga elibonakalayo, nakuba ukuchayeka emoyeni kungase kukhiphe iphunga le-ammonia elithambile ngenxa yokuqhekeka kwe-urea. Uma ukuchama kwengane kuba nephunga elihlabayo elihlukile noma elingajwayelekile, abazali kufanele baqaphele izici ezingase zibe khona ngokomzimba noma ze-pathological. Njengomkhiqizi wamanabukeni wezingane, siphinde sincome ukuthi kuhlanganiswe izinqubo zokunakekela nsuku zonke ukuze unciphise iphunga futhi uthole ngokushesha okungavamile.

Izici zomzimba ziyizimbangela ezivamile zephunga lomchamo wengane futhi ngokuvamile azidingi ukukhathazeka ngokweqile. Imbangela eyinhloko ukungalutholi uketshezi olwanele. Lapho izingane zijuluka kakhulu, ziphuza amanzi amancane, noma zondliwe, umchamo uyagcwala, ukhulise ukugcwala kodoti we-metabolic futhi uqinise iphunga. Ezinganeni ezincela ibele kuphela, ubisi lwebele lunikeza amanzi okwanele. Kodwa-ke, ngezinsuku ezishisayo, amanzi amancane anganikezwa phakathi kokuphakelayo. Izingane ezidla amafomula noma ezidla ukudla okuqinile zidinga ukufakwa kwamanzi okulingana neminyaka yobudala ukuze kuncishiswe umchamo futhi kunciphise iphunga. Izici zokudla nazo zidlala indima: ukudla ngokweqile okunamaprotheni amaningi (njengenyama namaqanda) kwandisa ukukhiqizwa kwemfucuza ye-nitrogen, kuqinisa iphunga lomchamo. Ukudla ukudla okunambitheka okunamandla njengogalikhi noma u-anyanisi kukhipha izinhlanganisela ezithile ngomchamo, kuguqule iphunga layo. Ukulungisa ukudla ukuze kugcinwe ukudla okunomsoco futhi kuncishiswe ukudla okukodwa okunamaprotheni amaningi kunganciphisa lokhu. Ukwengeza, ukugcwala komchamo isikhathi eside esinyeni ngesikhathi sokulala ebusuku kungase kubangele umchamo wokuqala wasekuseni ube nephunga eliphawuleka kakhulu, okuyinto evamile.

Izimbangela ze-pathological zephunga lomchamo wengane elingavamile zidinga ukunakekelwa ngokushesha ukuze kugwenywe ukubambezeleka kokwelashwa. Isizathu esivame kakhulu yi-urinary tract infection (UTI). Amagciwane aphindaphindeka emgudwini womchamo angakhipha iphunga elinamandla, elihlabayo emchameni, ngokuvamile elihambisana nezimpawu ezinjengokuchama njalo, ukuphuthuma, ukukhala lapho uchama, noma imfiva. Amantombazane abhekene nezingozi eziphakeme zokutheleleka ngenxa ye-urethra emifushane kanye nokuba seduze kwe-anus. Abafana abane-phimosis (ijwabu eleqile) nabo bangase babe sengozini. Ukuhlolwa ngokushesha kwezokwelapha kubalulekile, okuhlanganisa ukuhlaziya ukuchama nokuhlolwa kwemikhuba yomchamo. Ama-antibiotics kufanele anikezwe ngaphansi kokuqondisa kodokotela, kanye nokwanda koketshezi lokuphuza ukuze kukhishwe umgudu womchamo ngokuchama njalo. Ukwengeza, ukuphazamiseka kokuzala okungavamile (okufana ne-phenylketonuria) kungabangela umchamo ukuthi ukhiphe iphunga elihlukile njengegundane, eduze nezimpawu ezifana nokulibaziseka kokukhula kanye nokungajwayelekile kwengqondo. Nakuba kuvamile, lezi zimo zidinga ukutholwa kusenesikhathi ngokuhlolwa kwezinsana ukuze kungenelele ngesikhathi.

Ekunakekelweni kwansuku zonke, ukusetshenziswa okufanele kwamanabukeni ezingane kanye nokusula kunciphisa ngempumelelo iphunga lomchamo kanye nezingozi zezempilo ezihlobene. Njengomkhiqizi wamanabukeni wezingane, imikhiqizo yethu ifaka amalayini aphefumulayo namacores amuncayo akhiyeleka ngokushesha emchameni, enciphisa iphunga elibangelwa ukuchayeka emoyeni. Izinto eziphefumulayo futhi kunciphisa ukukhula kwamagciwane. Kubhangqiwe nezinto zokusula zezingane ezikhethekile, hlanza indawo engaphansi kwengane ngesikhathi sokushintsha amanabukeni ngakunye. Emantombazaneni, sula kusukela ngaphambili kuya emuva ukuze uvimbele ukungcoliswa kwendle yokuvuleka komchamo. Kubafana, hlanza indawo yejwabu ukuze ulondoloze inhlanzeko yendawo. Abazali kufanele bashintshe amanabukeni ngokushesha ngokusekelwe eminyakeni yobudala bengane kanye nokuphuma komchamo. Ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa, shintsha njalo emahoreni angu-1-2. Ezinganeni ezindala, lungisa ngokusekelwe ezingeni lomsebenzi, kodwa ungalokothi udlule amahora angu-4 ukuvimbela ukucasuka kwesikhumba isikhathi eside kanye nokukhula kwamagciwane.

Imibono Eyiphutha Evamile Mayelana Nokunakekelwa Kwezingane Ezichama Nezeluleko Zochwepheshe

Lapho bebhekana nezinkinga ezihlobene nokuchama kwengane, abazali bavame ukuwela ezinkingeni ezivamile zokunakekela ezingagcini nje ngokuthinta impilo yengane kodwa futhi ezingase zibe nzima ukunakekelwa. Njengomkhiqizi wamanabukeni wezingane ogxile ekunakekelweni kwezinsana, sihlanganisa ubuchwepheshe bemakethe yamazwe ngamazwe ukuze sinikeze abazali isiqondiso sesayensi kuyilapho situsa amanabukeni ezingane afanelekile kanye nemikhiqizo ehambisanayo ukuze kuthuthukiswe umuzwa wokunakekela.

Omunye umbono oyiphutha ovamile ukuqeqesha amabhodwe ngokweqile noma ukuqala ukuqeqeshwa kwendlu yangasese kusenesikhathi. Abanye abazali bazama ukuqeqeshwa kwe-pot njalo ngaphambi kwezinyanga ezingu-6 ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwe-diaper. Lo mkhuba ungase ulimaze umgogodla nenyonga yengane kuyilapho uphazamisa ukuthuthukiswa kwe-autonomous urination reflex. Igatsha Lokuhlinza Kwezingane le-Chinese Medical Association lincoma ukuthi kuqalwe ukuqeqeshwa ngebhodwe phakathi kwezinyanga ezingu-6-9 (izinyanga ezingu-9 zabafana) nokuqala ukuqeqeshwa okusemthethweni kwendlu yangasese ngemva konyaka owodwa ubudala, inqobo nje uma ingane ikwazi ukuxhumana nezidingo eziyisisekelo nokuhlala ngokuzimela endlini yangasese. Ukuphoqwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi kungabangela ukumelana, kubambezele ukuthuthukiswa kwamakhono okuchama okuzimele futhi kwandise ingozi yokuchama embhedeni. Indlela efanele iwukuhlonipha ijubane lokukhula kwengane, iqondise ngokubheka izinkomba zokuyisusa, futhi usebenzise amabhulukwe omntwana njengezinsiza zokuqeqesha  ukufeza kancane kancane umgomo wokusuka kude namanabukeni.

Umbono wesibili oyiphutha ovamile ukuziba izinguquko embala womchamo. Ngaphandle kwephunga, umbala womchamo usebenza njengenkomba yezempilo. Umchamo ojwayelekile ucacile noma uphuzi ngokuphaphathekile. Imibala emnyama ivamise ukukhomba ukugeleza kwamanzi okwanele, kuyilapho imibala engavamile njengophuzi ojulile, owolintshi, noma obomvu ingase ibonise ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni, izinkinga zesibindi, noma ukopha komgudu womchamo. Abazali kufanele bahlakulele umkhuba wokubheka umbala womchamo futhi balungise ngokushesha uketshezi oluphuzayo noma bafune usizo lwezokwelapha uma kutholakala okungavamile. Ukwengeza, abanye abazali ngephutha bakholelwa ukuthi ama-diaper abamba kakhulu anganweba izikhathi ezishintshayo. Lo mkhuba ugcina isingezansi somntwana sisendaweni eswakeme isikhathi eside, kwandisa iphunga lomchamo futhi andise ingozi yokuqubuka kwenabukeni—umkhuba okufanele ugwenywe.

Abakhiqizi bamanabukeni ezingane batusa imikhiqizo yokumatanisa enezidingo ezithile zokunakekelwa: - Ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa: Sebenzisa amanabukeni angasindi alungele ukuchama njalo, ahlanganiswe nezinto zokusula ezingenatshwala ukuze unciphise ukucasuka kwesikhumba. - Ngesikhathi sokuqeqeshwa kwebhodwe: Khetha ibhulukwe lokudonsa ukuze ulisebenzise ngokuzimela, kuhlanganiswe nebhodwe lokuqeqesha ukuze uqalise imikhuba. - Uma uhamba: Phatha amawipe aphathwayo namanabukeni alahlwayo ukuze kube nenhlanzeko nokuba lula. Sinikeza uhla olugcwele lwe amanabukeni ezingane, amabhulukwe adonsela phezulu, nezinto zokusula izingane . Abathengi bangathintana nathi ukuze bathole izincomo zokumataniswa komkhiqizo ngokusekelwe ezimeni zemakethe.

Isiphetho

Kafushane nje, ukuchama kwengane kuhambisana nazo zonke izigaba zokukhula kwengane, namaphethini ayo okujikeleza, isigqi sokuchama, kanye nephunga elishintshayo konke okuhlobene eduze nempilo. Njengomkhiqizi ochwepheshile wamanabukeni wezingane, asizibophezele nje kuphela ekuhlinzekeni ngemikhiqizo yokunakekela izingane ezisanda kuzalwa kodwa futhi silwela ukusiza abazali ukuxazulula izinselele zokunakekela ngemfundo yesayensi. Ukunaka imininingwane yokuchama kwengane, kuhlanganiswe nezindlela zokunakekela okufanele kanye namanabukeni engane anosayizi ofanele, kungavikela ukukhula okunempilo kwengane yakho. Uma kukhona okuphikelelayo ekuchameni kwengane, kuyatuseka ukuthi uthintane nodokotela wezingane ngokushesha futhi ulungise uhlelo lokunakekela ngokusekelwe ekuxilongweni kochwepheshe.