Uruhinja Pee Ubuyobozi Bwuzuye Kubibazo Bisanzwe

Nkumushinga wumwuga wumwuga, twumva cyane ko ababyeyi bitondera buri kantu kose kerekana imikurire yumwana wabo, kandi pee ni kimwe mubimenyetso byingenzi byerekana ubuzima bwumwana. Uruhinja pee nikintu gikomeye cyumubiri mugihe cyo gukura kwinda kandi bikomeza kuba ikibazo cyita kumiryango ikivuka. Iyi ngingo ikomatanya ubushakashatsi bwa siyansi nuburambe bwubuvuzi kugirango bikemure buri gihe ibibazo byingenzi byerekeranye nuruhinja pee. Turasangira kandi ibyifuzo byo guhitamo ibipapuro byabana bikwiranye nibintu bitandukanye, duha ababyeyi ubuyobozi bwuzuye bwo kwita. Turizera ko aya makuru agufasha.

Kora Abana Pee muri Womb Cir Kuzenguruka kw'inkari mugihe cyo gukura

Ababyeyi benshi bibaza niba abana batera inkari mugihe bari munda. Igisubizo ni yego - inkari zo munda muri nyababyeyi ni ikintu cy'ingenzi mu gutembera kwa amniotic kandi ni ikimenyetso cy'ingenzi cyerekana iterambere ry'inkari. Iyi nzira ntabwo isanzwe gusa ahubwo igira ingaruka itaziguye kumikurire. Nkuruganda rukora impuguke rwinzobere mu kwita ku bana, duhindura uburyo bwo gushushanya bwifashishije ubushakashatsi mu mikurire y’imitsi.

Uhereye ku gihe cyiterambere, impyiko zinda zitangira kuboneka mugihe cyo gutwita. Mugihe cibyumweru 10-12 byo gutwita, impyiko zirashobora kubyara inkari nke. Ariko, muriki cyiciro, inkari zongera gusubizwa mumubiri wuruhinja kandi ntizinjira mumazi ya amniotic. Mugihe gutwita bigenda mu gihembwe cya kabiri (hafi ibyumweru 20), sisitemu yinkari zikura buhoro buhoro. Inkari zakozwe n'impyiko noneho zijyanwa muri ureteri mu cyuho cya amniotic, ziba imwe mu nkomoko y'ibanze y'amazi ya amniotic. Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko mugihe cyo gutwita, uruhinja rutanga mililitiro 500-700 z'inkari buri munsi. Iyi nkari idahwema kuzuza amazi ya amniotic. Icyarimwe, akayoya kamira amazi ya amniotic, akurura amazi nintungamubiri zayo, bigatera uruziga rufunze amniotic fluid cycle ya 'inkari-kumira-kongera-inkari. '

Inkari zo mu nda zitandukanye muburyo butandukanye nyuma yo kuvuka. Ibigize igice cyibanze ni amazi, arimo imyanda mike ya metabolike, nta mpumuro igaragara, kandi ntacyo byangiza uruhinja. Binyuze muri uku kuzunguruka, amazi ya amniotic atanga uburinzi bwo kurinda uruhinja mugihe ateza imbere ibihaha hamwe na sisitemu yumubiri. Ni ngombwa kumenya ko ibintu bidasanzwe mubunini bwamazi ya amniotic cyangwa ibigize bishobora kwerekana ibibazo byiterambere mumikorere yinkari cyangwa urundi rugingo. Kubwibyo, gukurikirana indangagaciro ya amniotic mugihe cyo kwisuzumisha mbere yo kubyara ni ngombwa.

Kubakora impuzu zimpinja, gusobanukirwa ibiranga iterambere ryinkari zinda bidufasha gukora neza impinja zihariye. Nyuma yo kuvuka, impyiko zikivuka ntizikura neza. Batera inkari kenshi, muke, kandi bidasanzwe. Uruhinja rwacu ruvutse rugaragaza ibintu byinshi byinjira cyane (SAP) hamwe nigice cyoroshye, gihumeka neza kugirango gikure vuba inkari nyinshi, bigabanye kurakara kuruhu rworoshye. Byongeye kandi, ingano yimpinja ikubiyemo igishushanyo mbonera cyo guhuza umurongo uhuza umurongo wumubiri wavutse.

Nigute ushobora gukora uruhinja? Uburyo bwa siyansi na Scenarios zo Kwinjiza Uruhinja Pee

Mugihe cyo gukura kwumwana, ababyeyi bakunze guhura nibibazo bisaba kwinjiza inkari, nko gukusanya ingero zipimisha kwa muganga cyangwa kuyobora kurandura mugihe cyo gutoza inkono hakiri kare. Guhatirwa ku gahato cyangwa guhindagurika kenshi bishobora kwangiza uruhago rwumugongo. Dushingiye ku bunararibonye bw’ubuforomo, twakusanyije uburyo bwiza kandi bwiza bwo kwinjiza mu gihe twibutsa ababyeyi gukoresha impuzu zikwiye z'abana kugira ngo bashyigikire amahugurwa.

Ubwa mbere, kwinjiza pee bisanzwe bigomba gukurikiza injyana ya physiologique yumwana, bikifashisha ibihe byo kwihagarika nyuma yo kugaburira cyangwa kubyuka ibitotsi. Ku bana bari munsi y'amezi 6, uruhago rwuzura buhoro buhoro nyuma yiminota 15-30 nyuma yo konsa cyangwa kugaburira amata. Muri iki gihe, zamura umwana witonze, ureke amaguru yabo amanike bisanzwe. Koresha umwana ushyushye, utose wohanagura kugirango uhanagure buhoro buhoro agace ka perineal cyangwa ukore massage yo hepfo. Ibi bitanga imbaraga zoroheje zo kwanduza uruhago, bitera inkari. Ubu buryo bwirinda umuvuduko ukabije, bugahuza na refleks ya physiologique yumwana, kandi gukoresha ibihanagura byoroheje byabana birinda gukomeretsa uruhu.

Kugirango uhite utera inkari icyitegererezo kuva uruhinja (urugero, kwipimisha kwa muganga) ,. uburyo bwo gukangura uruhago burashobora gukoreshwa. Ubu buryo bwemewe n’ubuvuzi bufite umutekano kandi bugira ingaruka nziza ku bana bapima garama 1200 badakenera ubufasha bwubuhumekero. Inzira nuburyo bukurikira: Icya mbere, kugaburira umwana amata yonsa cyangwa amata. Nyuma yiminota 25, sukura imyanya ndangagitsina hamwe no guhanagura abana. Umuntu umwe afashe umwana munsi yamaboko amaguru amanitse. Undi ukanda buhoro buhoro agace ka suprapubic (inda yo hepfo hafi yamagufwa yigituba) ukoresheje intoki hafi 100 kanda kumunota kumasegonda 30. Noneho, koresha ibikumwe byombi kugirango ukore buhoro buhoro agace kegereye uruti rwumugongo kumugongo wo hasi kumasegonda 30. Subiramo iyi nzinguzingo kugeza ku minota 5, ubusanzwe itera inkari. Icyitonderwa: Koresha igitutu cyoroheje hose kugirango wirinde gukabya umwana.

Kumahugurwa yubwiherero (imyaka 1+), kwinjiza abana pee bisaba kuyobora imyitwarire no kurwanya ibidukikije. Kuri iki cyiciro, refleks isabwa gutera imbere. Ababyeyi bagomba kwitegereza ibimenyetso bifatika (nko guswera, guhubuka, cyangwa guswera) hanyuma bagahita bayobora umwana gukoresha inkono y'uruhinja. Turasaba guhuza ibi n'ipantaro yacu yo gukuramo-igenewe byoroshye kuri / kuzimya-kwemerera abana kugerageza kwigenga gukoresha potty no kugabanya guterwa na diaper. Ababyeyi barashobora gushyiraho akamenyero ko kwihagarika buri gihe binyuze mubyibutswa. Uwiteka Ishuri Rikuru ry’abana ry’Abanyamerika rirasaba gutangiza amahugurwa y’inkono hagati y’amezi 18-24 mugihe umwana agaragaje ko ashimishijwe, akoresheje ubuyobozi bw’abarwayi aho kuba agahato, intsinzi ikarenga 80%.

Ababyeyi bagomba kumenya ko uburyo bwo kwihagarika buri mwana butandukanye. Ku bana bavutse, ibipapuro bitose 4-10 buri munsi nibisanzwe - nta mpamvu yo kubahiriza umubare runaka. Niba umwana wawe arwanya mugihe cya pee, hagarara ako kanya kugirango wirinde kwanga imitekerereze. Byongeye kandi, guhita uhindura ibipapuro cyangwa gukurura kugirango ugume hasi yumutse bifasha mukurinda amahwemo ashobora gutera kwanga inkari.

Kuki Uruhinja rwanjye Runuka？ Impamvu nigisubizo

Impumuro yumwana pee ikora nka 'barometero ' yerekana ubuzima bwumwana wawe. Inkari zanyuze vuba mubusanzwe ntizifite umunuko ugaragara, nubwo guhura numwuka bishobora kubyara impumuro nziza ya ammonia kubera urea yamenetse. Niba umwana pee afite umunuko udasanzwe cyangwa impumuro idasanzwe, ababyeyi bagomba kuba maso kubintu bishobora gutera umubiri cyangwa indwara. Nkumushinga wimpapuro zimpinja, turasaba kandi gushyiramo uburyo bwo kwita kumunsi kugirango tugabanye umunuko no guhita tumenya ibintu bidasanzwe.

Ibintu bya physiologique nibisanzwe bitera impumuro yinkari zabana kandi mubisanzwe ntibisaba guhangayikishwa cyane. Impamvu yibanze ni gufata amazi adahagije. Iyo abana babize ibyuya byinshi, banywa amazi make, cyangwa badahagije, inkari ziba nyinshi, byongera imyanda ya metabolike kandi bikongerera umunuko. Ku bana bonsa gusa, amata yonsa atanga hydrated ihagije. Ariko, muminsi yubushyuhe, amazi make arashobora gutangwa hagati yo kugaburira. Abana bagaburiwe amata cyangwa barya ibiryo bakeneye bisaba hydrasiyo ikwiranye nimyaka kugirango bagabanye inkari kandi bagabanye umunuko. Ibiryo byokurya nabyo bigira uruhare: gufata cyane ibiryo bya poroteyine nyinshi (nk'inyama n'amagi) byongera umusaruro wa azote, bikongerera impumuro y'inkari. Kurya ibiryo biryoshye cyane nka tungurusumu cyangwa igitunguru birekura ibintu byihariye binyuze mu nkari, bigahindura umunuko wacyo. Guhindura imirire kugirango ukomeze imirire yuzuye kandi ugabanye gufata ibiryo bya poroteyine nyinshi birashobora kugabanya ibi. Byongeye kandi, kumara igihe kinini inkari ziba mu ruhago mugihe cyo kuryama nijoro zishobora gutuma inkari za mbere zo mu gitondo zigira umunuko ugaragara, ibyo bikaba ari ibintu bisanzwe.

Impamvu zitera impumuro idasanzwe yinkari zabana zisaba ubuvuzi bwihuse kugirango wirinde gutinda kwivuza. Impamvu zikunze kugaragara ni indwara yinkari (UTI). Indwara ya bagiteri igwira mu nzira yinkari irashobora kubyara impumuro ikomeye, ikaze mu nkari, akenshi iherekejwe nibimenyetso nko kwihagarika kenshi, byihutirwa, kurira mugihe cyo kwihagarika, cyangwa umuriro. Abakobwa bafite ibyago byinshi byo kwandura bitewe na urethras ngufi no kuba hafi ya anus. Abahungu bafite fimose (uruhu rwinshi) nabo barashobora kwibasirwa cyane. Isuzuma ryihuse ryubuvuzi ni ngombwa, harimo kwipimisha inkari no gupima umuco winkari. Antibiyotike igomba gutangwa ikurikiranwa n’ubuvuzi, hamwe no gufata amazi menshi kugira ngo yinjize inzira yinkari binyuze mu nkari nyinshi. Byongeye kandi, indwara zidasanzwe zavutse (nka phenylketonuria) zishobora gutera inkari gusohora impumuro itandukanye imbeba, hamwe nibimenyetso nko gutinda gukura no kudasanzwe mubwenge. Nubwo bidasanzwe, ibi bintu bisaba gutahura hakiri kare mugupima kuvuka kugirango bitabare mugihe.

Mubuvuzi bwa buri munsi, gukoresha neza impapuro zimpinja no guhanagura bigabanya neza impumuro yinkari nibibazo byubuzima. Nkuruganda rukora impinja, ibicuruzwa byacu biranga ibihumeka bihumeka hamwe ningirangingo zifata vuba zifunga inkari, bikagabanya umunuko uterwa ninkari ziterwa numwuka. Ibikoresho bihumeka nabyo bigabanya imikurire ya bagiteri. Uhujwe no guhanagura abana kabuhariwe, sukura agace ka perineal mugihe cyose cyahindutse. Ku bakobwa, ohanagura imbere kugeza inyuma kugirango wirinde kwanduza fecal kwifungura. Ku bahungu, sukura agace k'uruhu kugirango ukomeze kugira isuku yaho. Ababyeyi bagomba guhindura ibipapuro vuba bakurikije imyaka umwana afite hamwe ninkari zisohoka. Ku bana bavutse, hindura buri masaha 1-2. Ku bana bakuze, hindura ukurikije urwego rwibikorwa, ariko ntuzigere urenga amasaha 4 kugirango wirinde kurwara uruhu igihe kirekire no gukura kwa bagiteri.

Ibitekerezo Bikunze Kubyerekeye Kwita kubana Pee hamwe ninama zumwuga

Iyo ukemura ibibazo bifitanye isano nuruhinja, ababyeyi bakunze kugwa mumitego isanzwe yo kwita kubuzima bitagira ingaruka kubuzima bwumwana gusa ahubwo bishobora no kugorana kubitaho. Nkuruganda rukora impinja rwashinze imizi mubuvuzi bwabana, duhuza ubumenyi bwisoko mpuzamahanga kugirango duhe ababyeyi ubuyobozi bwa siyanse mugihe dusaba impuzu zibereye hamwe nibicuruzwa byuzuzanya kugirango tunonosore uburambe.

Imyumvire imwe ikunze kugaragara ni imyitozo ya potty ikabije cyangwa gutangira ubwiherero hakiri kare. Ababyeyi bamwe bagerageza imyitozo ya potty mbere y amezi 6 kugirango bagabanye ikoreshwa rya diaper. Iyi myitozo irashobora gukomeretsa urutirigongo rwumwana hamwe nibibuno mugihe bihungabanya imikurire yinkari yigenga. Ishami ry’ubuvuzi ry’abashinwa ishami ry’ubuvuzi bw’abana rirasaba gutangiza amahugurwa y’inkono hagati y’amezi 6-9 (amezi 9 ku bahungu) no gutangira imyitozo y’ubwiherero nyuma y’umwaka 1, mu gihe umwana ashobora kuvugana ibikenewe kandi akicara yigenga ku musarani. Guhatira imburagihe birashobora gutera guhangana, bidindiza iterambere ryubuhanga bwigenga bwinkari no kongera ibyago byo kuryama . Uburyo bwiza ni ukubaha umuvuduko witerambere ryumwana, kubayobora mukwitegereza ibimenyetso byo kurandura, no gukoresha ipantaro yo gukuramo umwana nk'imfashanyigisho  buhoro buhoro kugera kuntego yo kuva kure yimyenda.

Icya kabiri gikunze kwibeshya ni ukwirengagiza impinduka zamabara yinkari. Kurenga umunuko, ibara ry'inkari rikora nk'ikimenyetso cy'ubuzima. Inkari zisanzwe zirasobanutse cyangwa zijimye umuhondo. Ibara ryijimye akenshi ryerekana hydrated idahagije, mugihe amabara adasanzwe nkumuhondo mwinshi, orange, cyangwa umutuku arashobora kwerekana umwuma, ibibazo byumwijima, cyangwa amaraso ava muminkari. Ababyeyi bagomba gutsimbataza akamenyero ko kwitegereza ibara ryinkari kandi bagahita bahindura amazi cyangwa bagashaka ubuvuzi niba hagaragaye ibibazo bidasanzwe. Byongeye kandi, ababyeyi bamwe bibeshye bemeza ko impuzu zikurura cyane zishobora kwagura intera. Iyi myitozo ituma munsi yumwana ahantu hacye cyane, bikongerera impumuro yinkari kandi bikongera ibyago byo kurwara impiswi - imyitozo yo kwirinda.

Abakora impuzu zimpinja barasaba guhuza ibicuruzwa bikenewe byitaweho: - Kubana bavutse: Koresha impuzu zoroheje zikwiranye ninkari nyinshi, zifatanije nuhanagura inzoga kugirango ugabanye uruhu. - Mugihe cy'amahugurwa ya potty: Hitamo gukuramo ipantaro kugirango ukoreshwe wigenga, uhujwe na potty yo gutoza gushiraho ingeso. - Mugihe cy'urugendo: Witwaze ibihanagura byoroshye hamwe nimpapuro zishobora gukoreshwa kugirango isuku kandi byoroshye. Dutanga urutonde rwuzuye impuzu z'abana, ipantaro ikurura, hamwe no guhanagura abana . Abaguzi barashobora kutugisha inama kubyifuzo byo guhuza ibicuruzwa ukurikije uko isoko ryifashe.

Umwanzuro

Muri make, umwana pee aherekeza buri cyiciro cyikura ryumwana, hamwe nuburyo bwikurikiranya, injyana yinkari, nimpinduka zimpumuro zose zifitanye isano nubuzima. Nkumushinga wumwuga wumwuga, ntabwo twiyemeje gutanga ibicuruzwa byujuje ubuziranenge byita ku bana gusa ahubwo duharanira gufasha ababyeyi gukemura ibibazo byita kubuzima binyuze mubumenyi bwa siyanse. Kwitondera amakuru arambuye yumwana pee, hamwe nuburyo bukwiye bwo kwita hamwe nubunini bukwiye bwabana, birashobora kurinda umwana wawe gukura neza. Niba ibintu bidasanzwe bikomeje kugaragara kubana pee, nibyiza ko wagisha inama umuganga wabana kandi ugahindura gahunda yo kwita kumurwayi ushingiye kumurwayi wabigize umwuga.